Daniel S. Chemla
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Director (1998-2005),
Advanced Light Source, Ernest
Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Professor, Department
of Physics, University of California at Berkeley |
Short Biography
Daniel Chemla received his undergraduate education at l'Ecole
National Supérieure des Télécommunications
in Paris, France, and his graduate education at the University
of Paris. He received his Doctorat ès Sciences in
1972 for research on Nonlinear Optical Processes in Tetrahedrally
Coordinated Semiconductors. He joined the Centre National d'Etudes
des Télécommunications, where he worked as a
member of the technical staff, group leader, and department head,
conducting research on nonlinear optics in dielectric materials,
organic molecules and crystals, and compound semiconductors.
In 1981, Daniel Chemla joined AT&T Bell Laboratories, Holmdel,
NJ, where he initiated research on optoelectronics in semiconductor
quantum wells and superlattices. In 1983, he became the Head of
the Quantum Physics and Electronic Research Department. In 1991,
he accepted a joint appointment as Professor of Physics at the
University of California at Berkeley and Director of the Materials
Sciences Division at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
In June of 1998, he accepted the additional responsibility for
directing the Advanced Light Source, also at the Berkeley Lab. Effective January 2003, Daniel Chemla stepped down as Director of the Materials Sciences Division to concentrate on the Advanced Light Source.
Daniel Chemla is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences
and a Fellow of the American Physical Society, of the Optical
Society of America, and of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers. He was the recipient of the 1988 R.W. Wood prize of
the Optical Society of America, the 1995 Quantum Electronics Award
of the IEEE Laser and Electro-Optics Society, and a 1995 Humboldt
Research Award.
Research Interests of the Chemla Group
Dr. Chemla's present research interests include manybody interactions and quantum size effects in semiconductor nanostructures.
The objective of this research is to explore the physical properties
of low-dimensionality materials, i.e. material systems whose sizes,
of the order of a few nanometers, are intermediate between that
of atoms/molecules and that of bulk solids. Because of quantum
size effects, the properties of such systems, in particular manybody
interactions, are size- and shape-dependent, neither like those
of atoms nor those of macroscopic solids. The ultrasmall size
of these systems induces ultrafast dynamics of their elementary
excitations. The combination of quantum size effects and ultrafast
dynamics opens new avenues for experiments, testing the limits
of our understanding of the physics of strongly correlated systems.
Recent Publications
R. A. Kaindl, M. A. Carnahan, D. Häagele, R. Lövenich, and D. S. Chemla, "ultrafast terahertz probes of transient conducting nad insulating phases within an electron-hole gas," Nature 423, 734 (2003).
T. Karathanos, I. E. Perakis, N. A. Fromer, C. Shüller, C. E. Lai, and D. S. Chemla, "Theory of ultrafast nonlinear optical response of strongly correlated many-electron systems: Quantum Hall regime," Phys. Rev. B. 67, 35316 (2003).
N. A. Fromer, C. Shüller, C. E. Lai, D. S. Chemla, I. E. Perakis, D. Driscoll, and A. C. Gossard, "Investigation of Coulomb correlations in a two-dimensional electron gas in large magnetic fields," Phys. Rev. B 66, 205314 (2002).
I. E. Perakis and D. S. Chemla, "Ultrafast dephasing and collective effects in the quantum Hall regime," Phys. Stat. Sol. 234, 242 (2002).
R. Lövenich, C.-W. Lai, D. Hägele, D. S. Chemla, and W. Schäfer, "Semiconductor polarization dynamics from the coherent to the incoherent regime: Theory and experiment," Phys. Rev. B 66, 045306 (2002).
L. V. Butov, A. C. Gossard, and D. S. Chemla, "Macroscopically ordered state in exciton systems," Nature 418, 751 (2002).
N. A. Fromer, C. E. Lai, D. S. Chemla, I. E. Perakis, D. Driscoll, and A. C. Gossard, "Dynamics of inter-Landau-level excitations of a two-dimensional electron gas in the quantum Hall regime," Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 067401 (2002).
L. V. Butov, C. W. Lai, A. L. Ivanov, A. C. Gossard, and D. S. Chemla, "Toward Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons in potential traps," Nature 417, 47 (2002).
Yu. E. Lozovik, I. V. Ovchinnikov, S. Yu. Volkov, L. V. Butov, and D. S. Chemla, "Quasi 2D-excitons in finite magnetic fields," Phys Rev. B 65, 235304 (2002).
D. Meinhold, K. Leo, N. A. Fromer, D. S. Chemla, S. Glutsch, F. Bechstedt, and K. Köller, "Zener tunneling in superlattices in a magnetic field," Phys Rev. B 65, 161307 (2002).
R. A. Kaindl, M. A. Carnahan, J. Orenstein, D. S. Chemla, H. M. Christen, H-Y. Zhai,
M. Paranthaman, and D. H. Lowndes, "Far-infrared optical conductivity gap in superconducting MgB2 films," Phys Rev. Lett. 88, 027003 (2002).
D. S. Chemla, "Correlation and coherence in semiconductors," Comptes Rendus de l’Academie des Sciences, France, Serie IV, No. 10, 1425 (2001).
L. V. Butov, C. W. Lai, D. S. Chemla, Yu. E. Lozovik, K. L. Campman, and A. C. Gossard, "Observation of magnetically induced effective mass enhancement of quasi 2D-excitons," Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 216804 (2001).
A. B. Schumacher, J. S. Dodge, M. A. Carnahan, R. A. Kaindl, D. S. Chemla, and L. L Miller, "Parity forbidden excitations of Sr2CuO2Cl2 revealed by optical third harmonic spectroscopy,"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 127006 (2001).
D. S. Chemla and J. Shah, "New insights into many-body and correlation effects in semiconductors," Nature 411, 549 (2001).
R. Lövenich, A. B. Schumacher, J. S. Dodge, D. S. Chemla, and L. L. Miller "Evidence of phonon mediated coupling between charge transfer and ligand field excitons in Sr2CuO2Cl2," Phys. Rev. B 63, 235104, (2001).
M. Dahan, T. Laurence, D.P. Herten, A. Schumacher, D.S. Chemla, A.P. Alivisatos, M. Sauer, and S. Weiss, "Time-gated biological imaging using colloidal quantum dots," Optics Lett. 26, 825 (2001).
A.A. Deniz, T.A. Laurence, M. Dahan, D.S. Chemla, P.G. Schultz, and S. Weiss, "Ratiometric single-molecule studies of freely diffusing biomolecules," invited paper, Ann. Rev. Phys. Chem. 2001, 52, 233 (2001).
H. C. Schneider, F. Jahnke, S. W. Koch, J. Tignon, T. Hasche, and D. S. Chemla, "Polariton propagation in high-quality semiconductors: Microscopic theory and experiment versus additional boundary conditions," Phys. Rev. B. 63, 45202 (2001).
V.M. Axt, S.R. Bolton, U. Neukirch, L.J. Sham, and D.S. Chemla, "Evidence of six-particle Coulomb correlations in six-wave-mixing signals from a semiconductor quantum well,"
Phys. Rev. B. 63, 115303 (2001).
W. Schäfer, R. Lövenich, N. A. Fromer, and D. S. Chemla, "From coherently excited highly correlated states to incoherent relaxation processes in semiconductors," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 344 (2001).