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Materials research provides the foundation on which the economic well being of our high-tech society rests. The impact of advanced materials ranges dramatically over every aspect of our modern world from the minutiae of daily life to the grand scale of our national economy. Invariably, however, breakthroughs to new technologies trace their origin both to fundamental research in the basic properties of condensed matter and to applied research aimed at manipulating properties (structural, physical, chemical, electrical, magnetic, optical, etc.).
Increasingly, the frontiers of materials research include materials that are "strongly correlated," characterized by strong coupling between a material's electrons with other electrons, magnetism, or the material lattice itself. This coupling often results in novel behavior, such as superconductivity, that may lead to technologically important applications.
Another topic that has recently taken on greater importance is nanoscience: the science of matter at dimensions between approximately 1 and 100 nanometers, where unique phenomena enable novel applications. The ability to image, measure, model, and manipulate matter at the nanoscale is leading to new technologies that will impact virtually every sector of our economy and our daily lives.
Much ALS research also focuses on certain subcategories of condensed materials, including magnetic materials, polymers, semiconductors, and water.
Materials/Condensed Matter Highlights
Correlated Materials, Nanostructures, Magnetism, Polymers, Semiconductors, High Pressure, Water, Advanced Materials
Correlated Materials
Flipping Photoelectron Spins in Topological Insulators
Studies Bolster Promise of Topological Insulators
Two Phase Transitions Make a High-Temperature Superconductor
Superconducting Topological Insulators
ALS Reveals New State of Matter
First Observation of Plasmarons in Graphene
Electron Correlation in Iron-Based Superconductors
Towards Heavy Fermions in Europium Intermetallic Compounds
Observation of a Macroscopically Quantum-Entangled Insulator
Dirac Charge Dynamcs in Graphene by Infrared Spectroscopy
Polaron Coherence Condensation in Layered Colossal Resistive Manganites
Slow Dynamics of Orbital Domains in Manganite
Surprising Quasiparticle Interactions in Graphene
First Direct Evidence of Dirac Fermions in Graphite
Nature and Origin of the Cuprate Pseudogap
Beyond the Lone-Pair Model for Structurally Distorted Metal Oxides
Electron-State Hybridization in Heavy-Fermion Systems
First Direct Observation of Spinons and Holons
Pseudogaps, Polarons, and the Mystery of High-Tc Superconductivity
Tuning of the Metal–Insulator Transition via Alkali Adsorption
Femtosecond NEXAFS of Photoinduced Insulator-Metal Transition in VO2
Photoexcitation of a Volume Plasmon in Buckyballs
Influence of Topological Spin Fluctuations on Charge Transport
ARPES Provides Direct Evidence of Spin-Wave Coupling
A New Gap-Opening Mechanism in a Triple-Band Metal
Extracting the Eliashberg Function
Polaron Behavior in CMR Manganites
Nanostructures
Guided Self-Assembly of Gold Thin Films
Borrowing from Nature to Produce Highly Structured Biomimetic Materials
Resonant Soft X-Ray Scattering of Tri-Block Copolymers
Cool Magnetic Molecules
A New Light on Disordered Ensembles
Probing Strain-Induced Changes in Electronic Structure with XMCD
The Surprising Appearance of Nanotubular Fullerene D5h(1)-C90
Platinum Nanoclusters Out-Perform Single Crystals
Structure of All-Polymer Solar Cells Impedes Efficiency
Compositional Variation Within Hybrid Nanostructures
Mechanical Behavior of Indium Nanostructures
A New Route to Nano Self-Assembly
Hybrid Rotaxanes: Interlocked Structures for Quantum Computing?
Self-Assembly of Polymer Nano-Elements on Sapphire
Reaction-Driven Restructuring of Bimetallic Nanoparticle Catalysts
Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of a Working Catalyst
Solving the Unsovlable: The Nanostructure of Gold at 1.1 Å Resolution
Electronic Structure of Cobalt Nanocrystals Suspended in Liquid
Formation of Metallic Copper Nanoparticles at the Soil-Root Interface
Diamondoid Monolayers as Monochromatic Electron Source
Mapping the Nanoscale Landscape
Hydrogen Storage in Carbon Nanotubes Through Formation of C-H Bonds
Vacancy-Induced Nanoscale Wire Structure in Gallium Selenide Layers
Photoexcitation of a Volume Plasmon in Buckyballs
Magnetism
Not All Nanodisk Magnetic Vortices Are Created Equally
Hidden Rotational Symmetries in Magnetic Domain Patterns
Lensless Imaging of Magnetic Nanostructures
Direct Imaging of Antiferromagnetic Vortex States
Large Magnetization at Carbon Surfaces
Cool Magnetic Molecules
Probing Strain-Induced Changes in Electronic Structure with XMCD
X-Ray Imaging of the Dynamic Magnetic Vortex Core Deformation
Harnessing the Bacterial Power of Nanomagnets
Stochastic Domain-Wall Depinning in Magnetic Nanowires
Influence of Domain Wall Pinning on the Dynamic Behavior of Magnetic Vortices
Electric Field Control of Local Ferromagnetism with a Magnetoelectric Multiferroic
X-Ray Imaging Current-Driven Magnetic Domain-Wall Motion in Nanowires
Unexpected Angular Dependence of X-Ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism
First Proof of Ferromagnetic Carbon
Magnetic Vortex Core Reversal by Low-Field Excitations
Electronic Structure and Magnetism in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Parallel and Antiparallel Interfacial Coupling in AF-FM Bilayers
Depth Profile of Uncompensated Spins in an Exchange-Bias System
Disorder-Induced Microscopic Magnetic Memory
Direct Imaging of Asymmetric Magnetization Reversal
Polymers
Polarized X-Rays Reveal Molecular Alignment in Printed Electronics
Resonant Soft X-Ray Scattering of Tri-Block Copolymers
A Better Anode Design to Improve Lithium-Ion Batteries
Structure of All-Polymer Solar Cells Impedes Efficiency
Biomimetic Dye Molecules for Solar Cells
A New Route to Nano Self-Assembly
Proton Channel Orientation in Block-Copolymer Electrolyte Membranes
Self-Assembly of Polymer Nano-Elements on Sapphire
Mapping the Nanoscale Landscape
Probing Organic Transistors with Infrared Beams
First Direct Imaging of Swollen Microgel Particles
Semiconductors
Two Electron Holes in Hematite Facilitate Water Splitting
A New Route to Nanoscale Conducting Channels in Insulating Oxides
Bilayer Graphene Gets a Bandgap
Looking at Transistor Gate Oxide Formation in Real Time
Substrate-Induced Band-Gap Opening in Epitaxial Graphene
Controlling Graphene's Electronic Structure
Electronic Structure and Magnetism in Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors
Probing Organic Transistors with Infrared Beams
Engineering Metal Impurities in Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
High Pressure
Mineral Deformation at Earth's Core–Mantle Boundary
Two Novel Ultra-Incompressible Materials
The Iron Spin Transition in the Earth's Lower Mantle
Water
Isotope and Temperature Effects in Liquid Water Probed by Soft X Rays
Ultrafast Core-Hole Induced Dynamics in Water
Energetics of Hydrogen Bond Network Rearrangements in Liquid Water
Advanced Materials
Space-Age Ceramics Get Their Toughest Test
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