| AC |
alternating current |
| AC |
autocorrelation |
| ACI |
American Competitiveness and Innovation (fellowship) |
| ADSC |
Area Detector Systems Corporation |
| AF |
antiferromagnet, antiferromagnetic |
| AFM |
atomic force microscopy/microscope |
| AFRD |
Accelerator and Fusion Research Division (LBNL) |
| AIP |
accelerator improvement project |
| ALS |
Advanced Light Source |
| AMBER |
Advanced Materials Beamline for Energy Research |
| AMO |
atomic, molecular, and optical science |
| ANL |
Argonne National Laboratory |
| AP |
approved program |
| APC |
ALS Procedure Center |
| APD |
avalanche photodiode |
| APPELS |
ambient pressure photoelectron lens system |
| APPES |
ambient-pressure photoelectron spectroscopy |
| APS |
Advanced Photon Source |
| APXPS |
ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| ARIA |
Accelerator Reliability Improvement Activity |
| ARPES |
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy |
| ARRA |
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act |
| AT |
accelerator toolbox |
| ATP |
adenosine triphosphate |
| AVS |
American Vacuum Society |
| AXIS |
Advanced X-Ray Inelastic Scattering (endstation) |
| BCSB |
Berkeley Center for Structural Biology |
| BES |
Basic Energy Sciences |
| BESAC |
Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee |
| BESSY |
Berliner Elektronenspeicherring-Gesellschaft für Synchrotronstrahlung (German synchrotron facility) |
| BNCO |
[(Ba0.9Nd0.1)CuO2+d]2 |
| BPM |
beam-position monitor |
| BPR |
binary pseudo-random |
| BSISB |
Berkeley Synchrotron Infrared Structural Biology |
| BTF |
Beam Test Facility |
| BW |
bandwidth |
| BZ |
Brillouin zone |
| C#/.NET |
C# programming language run on the .NET programming framework for Windows operating systems |
| CALIPSO |
California High-Pressure Science Observatory |
| CCD |
charge-coupled device |
| CCO |
[CaCuO2]2 |
| CD |
compact disc |
| CD-ROM |
compact disc read-only memory |
| CD4 |
DOE critical decision 4 |
| CDS |
correlated double sampling |
| CMM |
collector micromodule |
| CMOS |
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor |
| CNRS |
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| CNT |
carbon nanotube |
| COMPRES |
Consortium for Materials Properties Research in Earth Sciences |
| COSMIC |
Coherent Scattering and Diffraction Microscopy |
| CPU |
central processing unit |
| CR |
charge reservoir |
| CSD |
Chemical Sciences Division (LBNL) |
| CSR |
coherent synchrotron radiation |
| CT |
charge transfer |
| CXDI |
coherent diffraction x-ray imaging |
| CXRO |
Center for X-Ray Optics |
| CY |
calendar year |
| DAC |
diamond-anvil cell |
| DAQ |
data acquisition |
| DC |
direct current |
| DFT |
density functional theory |
| DI |
deionized (water) |
| DLTP |
developmental long-trace profiler |
| DMM |
display micromodule |
| DMS |
diluted magnetic semiconductor |
| DNA |
deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DOE |
Department of Energy |
| DOMO |
Dynamic Offsite MX Operator |
| DOS |
density of states |
| DSP |
digital signal processor |
| dsRNA |
double-stranded RNA |
| DSSR |
double split-ring resonator |
| ECR |
electron cyclotron resonance |
| EDC |
energy distribution curve |
| EDM |
Extensible Display Manager (graphic user interface builder) |
| EDM |
electric-discharge machine |
| EE |
Electrical Engineering (group) |
| EFRC |
Energy Frontier Research Center |
| EGFR |
epidermal growth factor receptor |
| EM |
electron microscope |
| EMRS |
European Materials Research Society |
| ENG |
Engineering Division (LBNL) |
| EPBI |
errant photon-beam interlock |
| EPICS |
Experimetnal Physics and Industrial Control System |
| EPS |
equipment protection system |
| EPSR |
empirical potential structure refinement |
| EPU |
elliptically polarizing undulator |
| ESF |
Electronic Structure Factory (endstation) |
| ESG |
Experimental Systems Group |
| ESH/ES&H/EHS |
Environment, safety, and health |
| ESNET |
Energy Sciences Network |
| ESP |
Electron Spin Polarization (endstation) |
| ESRF |
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
| EUV |
extreme ultraviolet |
| EXAFS |
extended x-ray absorption fine structure (spectroscopy) |
| F8BT |
poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) |
| FCCD |
fast CCD |
| FEL |
free-electron laser |
| FET |
field-effect transistor |
| FLASH |
Free-Electron Laser in Hamburg |
| FM |
ferromagnet, ferromagnetic |
| FPGA |
field-programmable gate array |
| FRA |
frequency-response analyzer |
| FSDP |
first strong diffraction peak |
| FT |
Fourier transform |
| FTE |
full-time employee |
| FTIR |
Fourier-transform infrared |
| FWHM |
full width half maximum |
| FY |
fiscal year |
| FZD |
Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (award) |
| GISAXS |
grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering |
| GIWAXS |
grazing-incidence wide-angle x-ray scattering |
| GLASS |
Global Scan of All Stable Settings (lattice optimizing technique) |
| GMR |
giant magnetoresistance |
| GSECARS |
Geo Soil Enviro Center for Advanced Radiation Sources (APS) |
| GSF |
gross square feet |
| GTSC |
Glenn T. Seaborg Center |
| GU |
general user |
| HA |
hemagglutinin |
| HARP |
high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission |
| HEA |
hemispherical energy analyzer |
| HERS |
High Energy Resolution Spectroscopy (endstation) |
| HF |
high-flux (grating) |
| HHMI |
Howard Hughes Medical Institute |
| HiRAMES |
High-Resolution Atomic and Molecular Electron Spectrometer |
| HOPG |
highly ordered pyrolytic graphite |
| HPA |
high-power amplifiers |
| HPLC |
high-performance liquid chromatography |
| HR |
high-resolution (grating) |
| HTH |
helix-turn-helix (motif) |
| HTS |
high-temperature superconductor |
| HTSC |
high-temperature superconductor |
| HV |
high voltage; also high vacuum |
| HVAC |
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning |
| IEEE |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers |
| IL |
interference lithography |
| IL |
infinite layer |
| ILC |
intelligent local controller |
| IOC |
input/output controller |
| IOT |
inductive output tube |
| IPB |
Ion-Photon Beamline |
| IR |
infrared |
| IT |
information technology |
| IUPAP |
International Union of Pure and Applied Physics |
| IVU |
in-vacuum undulator |
| JPL |
Jet Propulsion Laboratory |
| K-B |
Kirkpatrick-Baez (mirror) |
| LBCO |
La2-xBaxCuO4 |
| LBNL |
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) |
| LCLS |
Linac Coherent Light Source |
| LCW |
low-conductivity water |
| LDRD |
Laboratory Directed Research and Development (program) |
| LDRD |
Laboratory Directed Research and Development |
| LED |
light-emitting diode |
| LEED |
low-energy electron diffraction |
| LER |
line-edge roughness |
| LEX |
low-energy exchange scattering |
| LFP |
LiFePO4 (lithium battery material) |
| LIGA |
German acronym for deep-etch x-ray lithography |
| LLNL |
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory |
| LOCO |
local control |
| LSCO |
(La2-xSrx)CuO4 |
| LTP |
long-trace profiler |
| LUXOR |
Lightsource Upgrade of X-Ray Optics for Research |
| LWR |
line-width roughness |
| M.S. |
Master of Science |
| MAD |
multiple-wavelength anomalous diffraction |
| MAESTRO |
Microscopy and Electronic Structure Observatory |
| Matlab |
high-level technical computing language |
| MBE |
molecular beam epitaxy |
| MBI |
microbunching instability |
| MCP |
multichannel plate |
| MCT |
mercury cadmium telluride |
| MERIXS |
M-Edge Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering (endstation) |
| MERLIN |
meV-Resolution (Beam) Line |
| MES |
Molecular Environmental Science |
| MF |
Molecular Foundry |
| MIEC |
mixed ionic/electronic conducting |
| miRNA |
MicroRNA |
| MML |
Matlab Middle Layer |
| MOF |
metal–organic framework |
| MOGA |
multi-objective genetic algorithms (lattice optimizing technique) |
| MOP |
multi-objective optimization problem |
| MRAM |
magnetic random-access memory |
| MRI |
Major Research Instrumentation (NSF program) |
| mRNA |
messenger RNA |
| MSD |
Materials Sciences Division (LBNL) |
| MTBF |
mean time between failures |
| MTF |
modulation transfer function |
| MTTR |
mean time to recovery |
| MX |
macromolecular crystallography |
| NA |
not applicable |
| NASA |
National Aeronautics and Space Administration |
| NCEM |
National Center for Electron Microscopy |
| NCXT |
National Center for X-Ray Tomography |
| NERSC |
National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center |
| NEXAFS |
near-edge x-ray absorption fine-structure (spectroscopy) |
| NGLS |
Next-Generation Light Source |
| NI |
National Instruments |
| NIGMS |
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH) |
| NIH |
National Institutes of Health |
| NIST |
National Institute of Standards and Technology |
| NSF |
National Science Foundation |
| NSLS |
National Synchrotron Light Source |
| NTP |
nucleoside triphosphate |
| OBER |
Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE) |
| OD |
optical density |
| OD |
outer diameter |
| OML |
Optical Metrology Laboratory |
| OS |
operating system |
| OSC |
organic solar cell |
| PBD |
Physical Biosciences Division (LBNL) |
| PC |
personal computer |
| PCR |
polymerase chain reaction |
| PDOS |
partial density of states |
| PE |
photoelectron |
| PE |
polyethylene |
| PEEM |
Photoemission electron microscopy (or microscope) |
| PES |
photoelectron spectroscopy |
| PET |
preliminary examination team |
| PFB |
poly(9,9′-dioctylfluorene-co-bis(N,N′-(4,butylphenyl))bis(N,N′-phenyl-1,4-phenylene)dia-mine) |
| PGM |
plane-grating monochromator |
| Ph.D. |
Doctor of Philosophy |
| PI |
principal investigator |
| PI |
polyimide |
| PIE |
photoionization efficiency |
| PIPOS |
photon-in/photon-out spectroscopy |
| PLD |
pulsed-laser deposition |
| PRT |
participating research team |
| PSP |
Proposal Study Panel |
| PSS |
personnel safety shutter |
| PTB |
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (German metrology institute) |
| PX |
protein crystallography |
| QA |
quality assurance |
| QCM |
quartz crystal microbalance |
| QEPU |
quasi-periodic elliptically polarizing undulator |
| QERLIN |
Q-Resolved Inelastic Scattering (Beam) Line |
| QFA |
focusing quadrupole magnet |
| R&D |
research and development |
| RADIA |
3D magnetostatics computer code optimized for undulators and wigglers |
| RAM |
random-access memory |
| rf |
radiofrequency |
| RISC |
RNA-induced silencing complex |
| RIXS |
resonant inelastic x-ray scattering |
| rms |
root-mean-square |
| RNA |
ribonucleic acid |
| RPAE |
random phase approximation with exchange |
| RSXS |
resonant soft x-ray scattering |
| SAC |
Scientific Advisory Committee |
| SAD |
single-wavelength anomalous diffraction |
| SAM |
Stanford Automounting System |
| SAS |
small-angle scattering |
| SAXS |
small-angle x-ray scattering |
| SAXS |
small-angle x-ray scattering |
| SBS |
Society for Biomolecular Screening |
| SD |
defocusing sextupole magnet |
| SDD |
silicon drift detector |
| SEM |
scanning electron microscopy (or microscope) |
| SEMATECH |
Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology (consortium) |
| SF |
focusing sextupole magnet |
| SGM |
spherical-grating monochromator |
| SIBYLS |
Structurally Integrated Biology for Life Sciences |
| SINAP |
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics |
| siRNA |
short interfering RNA |
| SL |
superlattice |
| SLAC |
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory |
| SLAC |
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center |
| SLS |
Swiss Light Source |
| SMT |
Strategic Management Team |
| SNUG |
Synchrotron and Neutron Users’ Group |
| SOC |
solid-oxide electrochemical cell; also state of charge |
| SOI |
silicon-on-insulator |
| SPLEEM |
spin-polarized low-energy electron microscope |
| SPring-8 |
Super Photon Ring 8 GeV (Japan) |
| SPS |
Siam Photon Source |
| SR-FTIR |
synchrotron radiation Fourier-transform infrared |
| SRC |
Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin |
| SRRF |
storage-ring radio frequency |
| ssDNA |
single-stranded DNA |
| SSG |
Scientific Support Group |
| SSRF |
Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility |
| SSRL |
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource |
| SSRL |
Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory |
| STJ |
superconducting tunnel junction (detector) |
| STM |
scanning tunneling microscopy |
| STXM |
scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (or microscope) |
| SWCN |
single-walled (carbon) nanotubes |
| SXF |
soft x-ray fluorescence |
| TBA |
triple-bend achromatic |
| TDLDA |
time-dependent local-density approximation |
| TEM |
transmission electron microscopy (or microscope) |
| TEY |
total electron yield |
| TFB |
poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-N-(4-butylphenyl)diphenylamine) |
| TFY |
total fluorescence yield |
| TIPS |
Theory Institute for Photon Sciences |
| TM |
transition metal |
| TOF |
time-of-flight |
| tRNA |
transfer RNA |
| TSFZ |
traveling solvent floating zone (crystal-growing technique) |
| U.K. |
United Kingdom |
| U.S. |
United States |
| UC |
University of California |
| UCB |
University of California, Berkeley |
| UCD |
University of California, Davis |
| UCLA |
University of California, Los Angeles |
| UCOP |
University of California, Office of the President |
| UEC |
Users' Executive Committee |
| UHV |
ultrahigh vacuum |
| UNLV |
University of Nevada, Las Vegas |
| URA |
uniformly redundant array |
| USB |
User Support Building |
| USB |
universal serial bus |
| UV |
ultraviolet |
| UXF |
Ultrafast X-Ray Facility |
| VIA |
variable-included-angle (monochromator) |
| VLS |
variable line spacing (grating) |
| VMI |
Velocity Map Imaging (spectrometer) |
| VUV |
vacuum ultraviolet |
| VUVX |
Vacuum Ultraviolet and X-Ray Physics (conference) |
| WAXS |
wide-angle x-ray scattering |
| XA |
x-ray absorption |
| XAFS |
x-ray absorption fine structure |
| XANES |
x-ray absorption near-edge structure (spectroscopy) |
| XAS |
x-ray absorption spectroscopy/spectra |
| XES |
x-ray emission spectroscopy/spectra |
| XMCD |
x-ray magnetic circular dichroism |
| XMLD |
x-ray magnetic linear dichroism |
| XPD |
x-ray photoelectron diffraction |
| XPEEM |
x-ray photoemission electron microscopy (microscope) |
| XPS |
x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
| XRD |
x-ray diffraction |
| YBCO |
YBaCuO (superconducting material) |
| YSZ |
yttria-stabilized zirconia |
| ZMOF |
zeolite-like metal organic framework |
| ZRS |
Zhang-Rice singlet |
| µXAS |
micro x-ray absorption spectroscopy |
| µXRD |
micro x-ray diffraction |
| µXRF |
micro x-ray fluorescence |
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