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Bioscience research at the ALS can be divided into two areas: general biology (microscopy/spectroscopy) and structural biology (crystallography/diffraction). These fields provide complementary approaches to the study of living organisms from the molecular to the cellular levels. Crystallography is used to determine the atomic-resolution, three-dimensional structures of proteins and nucleic acids—the building blocks of life—as well as complexes of these molecules, the interactions of which gives rise to biological processes. Microscopy allows us to find where these biomolecules are localized in the cell and visualize the cell's overall organization. Spectroscopy also comes into play, yielding information on the chemical state of these molecules.
Bioscience Highlights
General Biology, Structural Biology
General Biology
Tracking Living Cells as They Differentiate in Real Time
Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration
A New Light on Disordered Ensembles
Molecular Measurements of the Deep-Sea Oil Plume in the Gulf of Mexico
Real-Time Chemical Imaging of Bacterial Biofilm Development
Irradiation Effects on Human Cortical Bone Fracture Behavior
Lensless Imaging of Whole Biological Cells with Soft X-Rays
Imaging Antifungal Drug Molecules in Action using Soft X-Ray Tomography
Harnessing the Bacterial Power of Nanomagnets
Characterization of Selective Binding of Alkali Cations with Carboxylate
Formation of Metallic Copper Nanoparticles at the Soil-Root Interface
Extracellular Proteins Promote Zinc Sulfide Aggregation
When DNA Needs to Stand Up and Be Counted
Biological Imaging by Soft X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy
Structural Biology
Toward Design of a Universal Flu Vaccine
Central Activator Keeps the Circadian Clock Ticking
New Crystal Structures Lift Fog around Protein Folding
Structures of Clamp-Loader Complexes Are Key to DNA Replication
Genome Engineering with TAL Effector Nucleases
Signal Recognition Particle-Receptor Complex Structure Solved
Structure of DNA-bound FEN1 Reveals Mechanism of Action
Dynein Motor Domain Shows Ring-Shaped Motor, Buttress
Inhibiting Individual Notch Receptors Improves Treatment
A New Light on Disordered Ensembles
Giant Protease TPP II’s Structure, Mechanism Uncovered
Topoisomerase II Structure Suggests Novel DNA Cleavage Mechanism
Rotary Firing in Ring-Shaped Protein Explains Unidirectionality
Structure Illuminates Mechanism of Fungal Polyketide Cyclization
Structures of the Ribosome in Intermediate States of Ratcheting
Structures for Three Membrane Transport Proteins Yield Functional Insights
Proofreading RNA: Structure of RNA Polymerase II's Backtracked State
Protein Bridges DNA Base and Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathways
Robust, High-Throughput Analysis of Protein Structures
Protein Structure Suggests Role as Molecular Adapter
P-Glycoprotein Structure and Chemotherapy Resistance
How Dynein Binds to Microtubules
Enzyme Structure Provides Insights into Cancer and Aging
Structure of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Bound to an Antibody from a Human Survivor
A Key Enzyme to the Potency of an Anticancer Agent
Structure of Synaptic Connectors Solved
Topo II: An Enzyme Target for Antibacterial and Cancer Drugs
The Biological Implications of the PP2A Crystal Structure
A First Look at Yeast Fatty Acid Synthase
Unique Auxin Regulation Mechanism Discovered
Structure and Receptor Specificity of an Avian Flu Antigen
Structure of the Complete 70S Ribosome at 3.7 Å Resolution
The Initiation of Bacterial DNA Replication
High-Order Membrane Complexes from Activated G-Protein Subunits
Structure of the Kinase Domain of CaMKII and Modeling the Holoenzyme
Highest-Resolution Ribosome Structure
DNA-Binding Mechanism in Prokaryotic Partition Complex Formation
First Detailed Look at RNA Dicer
Assembly of a Molecular Needle, from the Bottom Up
Structural Basis for Activation of Cholera Toxin
Protein Flips Lipids Across Membranes
Crystal Structure of a Protein Kinase A Complex
Substrate Recognition Strategy for Botulinum Neurotoxin
How the Membrane Protein AmtB Transports Ammonia
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